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what's En passant capture

#2
From white's point of view, when you have a pawn on c5, and black is moving his pawn from b7 to b5, it would be impossible to capture that black pawn with you pawn on c5. That's where 'en passant' comes in. You can still capture that pawn that advances two squares, as if it only moved one square. So you put your own pawn on b6, and remove the opponents pawn from b5. You must do that capture immediately though, if you first play another move, you lose the right to capture 'en passant'.
#5
#1
We might guess it's about taking a pawn that is passing by us.. and we might guess it's about taking a pawn by passing by it. Both aren't wrong, because they relate to the action. But, you can only take a pawn that is passing by us- by passing by it- because it's basically about taking a pawn that, by using the two-square advance option from its initial square, is passing the square where it would be takeable.

The newer 'sprint' rule interacts with the older rule of how pawns can take pawns. The old rule: A pawn moving onto a square diagonally in front of an adverse pawn is takeable, in 'en passant', is expanded: .. and a pawn passing- by means of the two square advance- a square where it would be takeable, is takeable there in passing.

From Black's point of view, if you have advanced with a pawn to e4 and White plays f2-f4, you can take it on f3. As the two square advance rule is intact, there is no pawn on f3; so you move into the void of f3 and take off the board the pawn f4, instead. You might have taken it on f3 right on its way from f2-f4, were it not for the rule that a move is not complete until the piece is released.

Imagine the game had been adjourned, and the sealed move was f2-f4. The arbiter could announce the sealed move before making it, for the game to resume. As the move is 'written in stone', here the opponent could (logically) take on f3 live and in mid-air. An 'en passant' capture must be executed immediately because it is really meant to start happening 'on' the opponent's move, to take the pawn in passing of the attacked square, during its two square advance.

Black is taking the liberty of having taken the white pawn 'en passant' f3. Time is turned back, moving to the void of f3 and taking off the pawn f4 really means taking the pawn on f3 while it was passing. While it was passing to f4, of course. We do not take the pawn on f3, it has never moved to f3, we take the pawn f4 on f3. Taking the pawn that has moved alongside our pawn, moving our pawn onto an empty square, adequately enacts, in an open paradox, what could not be done live. The paradox is due to letting the rules of the two square advance and 'diagonal takeability of a pawn coming by' co-exist.

If, instead, Black had played on somewhere else on the board, the pawn simply wasn't taken en passant, and that' that. If Black came back on the next move, or a few moves later, to claim 'hey, I want to adequately enact, in an open paradox, what could not be done live, now', the answer is: As you couldn't take the pawn en passant f3 live, before the pawn f2 was released on f4, you were granted the right to turn back time and do capture en passant, which means in the act, immediately. But you did not take en passant: you moved somewhere else on the board, thus confirming the pawn has really passed to f4. The pawn wasn't taken in the act of passing, let bygones be bygones, let go.

Haha. What a lot of fuss. Such a lot of Brimborium ;( :/ :)
#6
En passant = you can take a pawn sideways if it passed by your pawn with a 2 square move from starting position.

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